We all have an inner critic—a voice within that evaluates, judges, and often berates us. While it may vary in tone and intensity from person to person, the inner critic is a near-universal experience. It frequently manifests as self-doubt, harsh judgment, or relentless perfectionism, shaping how we view ourselves and
Understanding the Pain of Betrayal Trauma
Betrayal trauma is often oversimplified as a singular traumatic experience, yet its true nature is complex and layered. This complexity arises because betrayal trauma doesn’t end when the betrayal ends; instead, it initiates a series of complicated emotional reactions in the betrayed individual that unfold over time. The discovery
IFS Protector Parts: Our Allies Within
A fundamental principle in psychotherapy is the necessity of coping with the emotional discomfort, pain, and traumas that invariably shape our lives. In psychodynamic theory, for example, the concept of psychological defenses plays a fundamental role in understanding how individuals cope with challenging or traumatic experiences. Our defenses are automatic,
Avoidant Attachment Style: How to Recognize It
No one wakes up one day and thinks, “Hmm, I can be pretty avoidant at times.” Coming to this realization can be a real slog, and often it’s only feedback from others that even gets us to think about what kind of attachment style we have. Relationships are where avoidant
Why Your Past Matters
When someone comes to therapy to address an issue that is negatively impacting their life, part of the therapist’s job is to build an understanding of what is getting in the client’s way of living a more fulfilling life. This understanding evolves as more becomes known about the person and